Fatherhood & Male Engagement
Father Engagement Beyond Attendance: What Organizations Need to Change
By Michael Cupeles, CCAP
Published

Look at the experience behind the numbers
A father attending a workshop, meeting, or community event creates an opportunity for connection. Attendance can tell an organization whether an invitation reached people and whether a particular activity attracted interest.
It leaves other questions unanswered. Did the father feel respected? Could he use the information provided? Was there a clear next step? Did anyone ask what he needed or what he could contribute?
My work connects direct practice with fathers and families, staff learning, parent partnership, and systems conversations. That combination shapes my approach: I want to understand what an organization makes possible for fathers throughout its everyday work.
This matters in early childhood programs, public agencies, healthcare settings, schools, and community organizations. A successful event is one point of contact within a much larger relationship.
Participation in a program and involvement in a child’s life are different
An attendance record describes participation in an organization’s activity. It gives a limited view of a father’s relationship with his child.
A father may miss a session while working, providing care, or navigating transportation difficulties. Another may attend regularly while needing substantial support with parenting or family relationships. These are possible situations, not conclusions an attendance sheet can establish.
Organizations can be curious about a father’s circumstances before interpreting absence as lack of interest.
The March 2026 ACNJ report I co-authored, “We’re Here Too! NJ Fathers Share Stories of Barriers, Bias and Invisibility,” drew on community conversations with 64 fathers. Participants described obstacles including transportation, inconvenient hours, difficulty finding relevant support, and feeling unwelcome or treated as secondary parents. [1]
I read these accounts as a reason to examine how services are experienced. They document the participating fathers’ perspectives and offer issues organizations can investigate within their own communities.
Learn who the fathers in your community are
A useful engagement strategy starts with the people it intends to serve.
Fathers differ in their parenting experience, language, work schedules, living arrangements, and relationships with services. Male caregivers may include stepfathers, adoptive fathers, grandfathers, and other significant adults. The Head Start Birth to 5 Father Engagement Guide recognizes this range of caregiving roles and emphasizes responsiveness to family circumstances and culture. [2]
Ask what support is relevant, which communication methods work, and what makes participation possible. Offer choices where the organization can realistically sustain them.
Supporting fathers also means recognizing the other people in a child’s life. Engagement should respect family circumstances, consent, privacy, and safety. A standard invitation cannot resolve every family’s situation.
The goal is to understand how an organization can support responsible, caring participation in that child’s life.
Examine the ordinary service journey
Start with the steps a father takes to connect: reading the website, completing a form, making a call, attending an appointment, and receiving follow-up.
Consider a hypothetical intake process that records one parent’s contact details and routes all updates to that person. A father may be welcome while receiving little information directly. A relevant improvement could be to review how involved caregivers’ communication preferences are collected and used, within the organization’s responsibilities and the family’s circumstances.
Other questions may concern whether language is understandable, whether appointment options are workable, and whether referrals lead to accessible support.
The Head Start guide treats father engagement as integrated organizational work, connecting it with leadership, professional development, relationships, service access, and community partnerships. [2] Other organizations can consider which of these areas fit their setting.
I would begin by following one part of the service journey with fathers and staff, identifying a specific barrier, and agreeing on a practical change.
Support staff and assign leadership responsibility
Staff need more than an expectation to engage fathers. They need opportunities to practice, tools that fit their work, and support when a situation is complex.
Professional learning might include welcoming a father who is new to the organization, asking about his priorities, explaining a service clearly, or examining assumptions that affect an interaction.
Leadership has a related responsibility: make sure procedures, staffing, referral options, and supervisory support allow people to apply that learning.
For example, a training session may identify a communication problem that requires a change to an intake form. Staff can recognize the issue; the organization must decide who can change the form and how the new process will be maintained.
Give the improvement an owner and a review point. This connects learning with implementation.
Give lived expertise a route into decisions
Fathers can contribute to how services are designed, delivered, and reviewed. Their experience can help an organization see what its procedures look like from the other side of the desk.
That contribution needs a defined connection to decisions.
If parents help review an intake process, explain what they can influence, who will consider their recommendations, and when they will hear back. Invite them while changes are still possible. Agree on expectations and any compensation arrangements.
Then return with an explanation of what changed, what remains under consideration, and why some suggestions could not be adopted.
My philosophy is to build systems where fathers, parents, and lived expertise have a meaningful role in shaping practice and decisions. That requires a way for their knowledge to affect the work.
Make support accessible before a crisis

Father engagement also belongs within a broader prevention conversation.
CSSP’s Strengthening Families approach emphasizes protective factors including social connections, parenting knowledge, and practical support during difficulty. [3]
For organizational practice, I see a useful question: can a father find relevant support while he is learning, adjusting, or asking for help?
That could mean a clear referral pathway, an accessible parenting resource, or a trusted person who can help him understand available services.
Drawing on these principles, I would examine whether fathers can find and use the support offered. Ask them what is useful, where a referral breaks down, and what would help them take the next step. Those answers can guide practical improvements before needs become more difficult to address.
Five questions to move from reflection to action
Leadership, frontline staff, and fathers can use these questions together:
- Access: Which parts of our service journey create difficulty for fathers, and what can we change?
- Communication: How do we learn and use fathers’ communication preferences?
- Staff support: What skills, tools, and leadership decisions are needed to improve everyday practice?
- Influence: Which decisions can fathers help shape, and how will they hear what happened to their recommendations?
- Accountability: Who will carry the improvement forward, and how will we review it with those affected?
Choose one manageable priority. Describe the proposed change, the person responsible, and what would show that it is being used.
Measure the work you are actually doing
Attendance remains useful alongside other information.
Depending on the project, an organization might review whether a revised communication process is used, whether staff can apply a skill, whether referrals are accessible, and what fathers say about the service experience.
These measures answer different questions. Staff learning, participant feedback, and implementation milestones can help a team assess its immediate work. Establishing lasting organizational or family outcomes requires an appropriate evaluation.
Start with the practice you can examine and improve. Listen to fathers, support the people delivering services, and make responsibility for follow-through clear.
That is the work I want to help organizations undertake: practical improvements that give fathers and families a meaningful place in the services and decisions that affect them.
If your organization is ready to examine its approach, start a conversation about consulting support.
Sources & Further Reading
- [1] Advocates for Children of New Jersey. We’re Here Too! NJ Fathers Share Stories of Barriers, Bias and Invisibility. March 2026. Co-authors: Kevin Cox, Michael Cupeles, Diane Dellanno, Kareem Lovelace, and Marc Warren.
- [2] Office of Head Start. Birth to 5 Father Engagement Guide.
- [3] Center for the Study of Social Policy. Strengthening Families. External protective-factors approach and practice resources.